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FTP Architecture


FTP Client 

  • System which is  initiating the connection is called as Client.

FTP Server 

  • System which is  establishing the connection is called as Server.

Steps: 

  1. Client system initiate the connection to the server.
  2. Server will  validate the credentials supplied by the client and establish the connection
  3. Once connection is  established then files can be transfer between the systems. 
    • client can send/receive files
    • Server can send/receive files
  4. Port 21 is used to  establish the connection and FTP  command operations
  5. Port 20  is  used for data transfer between the systems.

FTP Configurations: 

  • Use : Ftp is used for uploading and downloading the files.
  • Disadvantage : Directory cannot be uploaded or downloaded.
  • Package : vsftpd
  • Daemon : vsftpd (Very Secure Ftp daemon)
  • Script : /etc/initd/vsftpd
  • Port no : 21 (Tcp) > 1024 (Udp, Random)
  • Configuration files :
    • /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
    • /etc/vsftpd/user_list
    • /etc/vsftpd/ftpuser
    • /etc/pam.d/vsftpd
  • Document Root : /var/ftp
  • Home directory : /var/ftp (which is created only when the package is installed.


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